Turkic Backstory
A Thousand Years of Tartars
http://books.google.com/books?id=sr8UAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA255&dq=%22A+Thousand+year+of+Tartars%22&hl=en&ei=mATgTbfPLojYiALjxIHjCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false
40,000 year old common ancestor gene found in Central Asia
Siberian Dragons
What is the concept of a SIBERIAN DRAGON ?
BROADER SENSE
Knowing the fact that they all share common geographic origin (triangle; Altai/Tian Shian Mountains-Yenisey River-Balkai Lake), similar language (variations or derivations of proto-Turkic languages), and that they all belong to (in various clades and subclades) - only one single, most recent branch of human genetic tree - so called haplogroup Q, we can list under this category all royal houses and chieftains of North, Central and South America (pre-Columbian cultures):
Paleo-Indians,Clovis culture, Paleo-Arctic Tradition, Poverty-Point Civilization, Ancestral Pueblo Culture, Fremont Culture, Hokoham, Adena, Fort Ancient, Hopewell Culture, Mississippian Culture, Aztec, Huastec, Mixtec, Maya, Olmec, P'urhépecha or Tarascan state, Teotihuacan, Toltec, Totonac, Western Mexico shaft tomb tradition, Zapotec, Calima Culture, Canaris, Chachapoya, Chavin, Chibcha, Chimu, El Abra, Huari , Inca, La Tolita, Las Vegas, Moche, Muisca, Narino, Nazca Culture, Norte-Chico, Quimbaya, San Agustin, Tairona, Tierradentro, Tiwanaku, Tolima, Valdivia etc.) together with royal tribes of ancient Scythians, Huns and Turks.
Therefore, Siberian Dragons ruled the largest tracts of land in various time frames, from Ukraine in Europe, accross whole Central Asia, mayor part of Siberia, Far East including Korea, up to almost whole American continents.
Surviving descendents of those lineages are accepted as adjunct full members of the Siberian Dragon Association.
*
NARROW SENSE
In narrow sense of this label (Siberian Dragons), we think on the Ashina (Grey She-Wolf) Royal Tribe evolved among Northern Siberian nomadic tribes of the Xiongnu/Hunnu or Great/Eastern Hun Empire, as separate "Turk" political entity articulated in times preceding foundation of the Gok-Turk Empire. The flag of this empire displays a fire breathing crocodile-like dragon.
(further information about Turkic Empires; http://www.duru-creatives.com/almanci/turkworld/empires/empires.html )
The Dragon, also expressed as a Snake or Lizard, is the symbol of might and power. It is believed, especially in mountain parts of Central Asia, that dragons still live in the mountains of Tian-Shan (Tangri Tagh) and Altay. Dragons also symbolize the god Tengri (Tanrı) in ancient Turkic tradition, although dragons themselves aren't worshipped as gods.
The role of she-wolf (Ashina) is clear, she is a deity of fertility and earth-water, a Dragon embodied as she-wolf. In the Türkic genealogical myth the same functions bore she-Dragon - she-wolf. So, it is not incorrect to say that the Ashina Royal Dynasty is the She-Dragon Royal Dynasty.
One of the symbols for the supreme celestial God-Tengri, the Eternal Blue Sky, was Dragon (along the Cross). Siberian dragon Yilbegan is related to European Turkic and Slavic dragons.
BROADER SENSE
Knowing the fact that they all share common geographic origin (triangle; Altai/Tian Shian Mountains-Yenisey River-Balkai Lake), similar language (variations or derivations of proto-Turkic languages), and that they all belong to (in various clades and subclades) - only one single, most recent branch of human genetic tree - so called haplogroup Q, we can list under this category all royal houses and chieftains of North, Central and South America (pre-Columbian cultures):
Paleo-Indians,Clovis culture, Paleo-Arctic Tradition, Poverty-Point Civilization, Ancestral Pueblo Culture, Fremont Culture, Hokoham, Adena, Fort Ancient, Hopewell Culture, Mississippian Culture, Aztec, Huastec, Mixtec, Maya, Olmec, P'urhépecha or Tarascan state, Teotihuacan, Toltec, Totonac, Western Mexico shaft tomb tradition, Zapotec, Calima Culture, Canaris, Chachapoya, Chavin, Chibcha, Chimu, El Abra, Huari , Inca, La Tolita, Las Vegas, Moche, Muisca, Narino, Nazca Culture, Norte-Chico, Quimbaya, San Agustin, Tairona, Tierradentro, Tiwanaku, Tolima, Valdivia etc.) together with royal tribes of ancient Scythians, Huns and Turks.
Therefore, Siberian Dragons ruled the largest tracts of land in various time frames, from Ukraine in Europe, accross whole Central Asia, mayor part of Siberia, Far East including Korea, up to almost whole American continents.
Surviving descendents of those lineages are accepted as adjunct full members of the Siberian Dragon Association.
*
NARROW SENSE
In narrow sense of this label (Siberian Dragons), we think on the Ashina (Grey She-Wolf) Royal Tribe evolved among Northern Siberian nomadic tribes of the Xiongnu/Hunnu or Great/Eastern Hun Empire, as separate "Turk" political entity articulated in times preceding foundation of the Gok-Turk Empire. The flag of this empire displays a fire breathing crocodile-like dragon.
(further information about Turkic Empires; http://www.duru-creatives.com/almanci/turkworld/empires/empires.html )
The Dragon, also expressed as a Snake or Lizard, is the symbol of might and power. It is believed, especially in mountain parts of Central Asia, that dragons still live in the mountains of Tian-Shan (Tangri Tagh) and Altay. Dragons also symbolize the god Tengri (Tanrı) in ancient Turkic tradition, although dragons themselves aren't worshipped as gods.
The role of she-wolf (Ashina) is clear, she is a deity of fertility and earth-water, a Dragon embodied as she-wolf. In the Türkic genealogical myth the same functions bore she-Dragon - she-wolf. So, it is not incorrect to say that the Ashina Royal Dynasty is the She-Dragon Royal Dynasty.
One of the symbols for the supreme celestial God-Tengri, the Eternal Blue Sky, was Dragon (along the Cross). Siberian dragon Yilbegan is related to European Turkic and Slavic dragons.
RELIGIONS OF TURKIC PEOPLES
Various pre-Islamic Turkic civilizations of the 6th century adhered to shamanist and Tengriist traditions which are reflected in the state symbols of Kazakhstan. The Shamanist religion is based on spiritual and natural elements of earth. Tengriism involves belief in Tengri as the god who ruled over the skies. Turkish: Tanrı and Azerbaijani: Tanrı remain in use by speakers of those languages as a term for God regardless of their religions.
Some Turkic peoples (particularly in the Russian autonomous regions and republics of Altay, Khakassia and Tuva) are largely Tengriists. Tengriism was the predominant religion of the different Turkic branches prior to the 14th century, when the majority accepted Islam.
In the Siberian region, the Altay, some Tuvan and Hakas are Tengriist, having kept the original religion of Turkic peoples.Traditional Inner Asian cults, commonly referred to as shamanism, survive in many places, often submerged in other religions.
In post-Soviet Siberia, 300 years after their forced conversion, the Yakuts (Sakha) and others have completely rejected Eastern Orthodox Christianity in favor of a revived shamanism.
Tengri Bögü Khan made the now extinct Manichaeism the state religion of Uyghur Khaganate in 763 and it was also popular in Karluks. It was gradually replaced by the Mahayana Buddhism.It existed in the Buddhist Uyghur Gaochang up to the 12th century.
Tibetan Buddhism, or Vajrayana was the main religion after Manichaeism. They worshipped Täŋri Täŋrisi Burxan,Quanšï Im Pusar and Maitri Burxan. Turkish Muslim conquest in the Indian subcontinent and west Xinjiang attributed with a rapid and almost total disappearance of it and other religions in North India and Central Asia. The Sari Uygurs "Yellow Yughurs" of Western China, as well as the Tuvans of Russia are the only remaining Buddhist Turkic peoples.
Many Karaims and Krymchaks of Eastern Europe (Especially Crimea) are Jewish, and there are Turks of Jewish backgrounds who live in major cities such as Istanbul, Ankara and Baku. The Khazars, who existed long before Islam appeared, widely practiced Judaism.The Yakuts of Yakutia in northeastern Siberia are traditionally Shamanists, yet many have converted to Christianity.
In addition, there are small scattered populations of Turks belonging to other religions such as the Bahá'í Faith and Zoroastrianism.
Nowruz is still celebrated by many non-Zoroastrian Turkic peoples.
Even though many Turkic peoples became Muslims under the influence of Sufis, often of Shī‘ah persuasion, most Turkic people today are Sunni Muslims, although a significant number in Turkey are Alevis. Alevi Turks, who were once primarily dwelling in eastern Anatolia, are today concentrated in major urban centers in western Turkey with the increased urbanism.
The major Christian-Turkic peoples are the Chuvash of Chuvashia and the Gagauz (Gökoğuz) of Moldova. The traditional religion of the Chuvash of Russia, while containing many ancient Turkic concepts, also shares some elements with Zoroastrianism, Khazar Judaism, and Islam. The Chuvash religious calendar cycle and the agrarian cult that it was based on combined ancestor worship and worship of earth, water and vegetation. The Chuvash converted to Eastern Orthodox Christianity for the most part in the second half of the 19th century. As a result, festivals and rites were made to coincide with Orthodox feasts, and Christian rites replaced their traditional counterparts. A minority of the Chuvash still profess their traditional faith. Church of the East was popular among Turks such as the Naimans. It even revived in Gaochang and expanded in Xinjiang in the Yuan dynasty period. It disappeared after its collapse.
From Wikipedia about Turkic Peoples
Various pre-Islamic Turkic civilizations of the 6th century adhered to shamanist and Tengriist traditions which are reflected in the state symbols of Kazakhstan. The Shamanist religion is based on spiritual and natural elements of earth. Tengriism involves belief in Tengri as the god who ruled over the skies. Turkish: Tanrı and Azerbaijani: Tanrı remain in use by speakers of those languages as a term for God regardless of their religions.
Some Turkic peoples (particularly in the Russian autonomous regions and republics of Altay, Khakassia and Tuva) are largely Tengriists. Tengriism was the predominant religion of the different Turkic branches prior to the 14th century, when the majority accepted Islam.
In the Siberian region, the Altay, some Tuvan and Hakas are Tengriist, having kept the original religion of Turkic peoples.Traditional Inner Asian cults, commonly referred to as shamanism, survive in many places, often submerged in other religions.
In post-Soviet Siberia, 300 years after their forced conversion, the Yakuts (Sakha) and others have completely rejected Eastern Orthodox Christianity in favor of a revived shamanism.
Tengri Bögü Khan made the now extinct Manichaeism the state religion of Uyghur Khaganate in 763 and it was also popular in Karluks. It was gradually replaced by the Mahayana Buddhism.It existed in the Buddhist Uyghur Gaochang up to the 12th century.
Tibetan Buddhism, or Vajrayana was the main religion after Manichaeism. They worshipped Täŋri Täŋrisi Burxan,Quanšï Im Pusar and Maitri Burxan. Turkish Muslim conquest in the Indian subcontinent and west Xinjiang attributed with a rapid and almost total disappearance of it and other religions in North India and Central Asia. The Sari Uygurs "Yellow Yughurs" of Western China, as well as the Tuvans of Russia are the only remaining Buddhist Turkic peoples.
Many Karaims and Krymchaks of Eastern Europe (Especially Crimea) are Jewish, and there are Turks of Jewish backgrounds who live in major cities such as Istanbul, Ankara and Baku. The Khazars, who existed long before Islam appeared, widely practiced Judaism.The Yakuts of Yakutia in northeastern Siberia are traditionally Shamanists, yet many have converted to Christianity.
In addition, there are small scattered populations of Turks belonging to other religions such as the Bahá'í Faith and Zoroastrianism.
Nowruz is still celebrated by many non-Zoroastrian Turkic peoples.
Even though many Turkic peoples became Muslims under the influence of Sufis, often of Shī‘ah persuasion, most Turkic people today are Sunni Muslims, although a significant number in Turkey are Alevis. Alevi Turks, who were once primarily dwelling in eastern Anatolia, are today concentrated in major urban centers in western Turkey with the increased urbanism.
The major Christian-Turkic peoples are the Chuvash of Chuvashia and the Gagauz (Gökoğuz) of Moldova. The traditional religion of the Chuvash of Russia, while containing many ancient Turkic concepts, also shares some elements with Zoroastrianism, Khazar Judaism, and Islam. The Chuvash religious calendar cycle and the agrarian cult that it was based on combined ancestor worship and worship of earth, water and vegetation. The Chuvash converted to Eastern Orthodox Christianity for the most part in the second half of the 19th century. As a result, festivals and rites were made to coincide with Orthodox feasts, and Christian rites replaced their traditional counterparts. A minority of the Chuvash still profess their traditional faith. Church of the East was popular among Turks such as the Naimans. It even revived in Gaochang and expanded in Xinjiang in the Yuan dynasty period. It disappeared after its collapse.
From Wikipedia about Turkic Peoples
Tengri
In the Beginning was Tengri: “Grace is the heart of belief”
"Over the past quarter of a century, while pursuing other historical, cultural and anthropological objectives, evidence indicating a distinct monotheistic belief system centerred around an ancient Central Asian deity has been encountered time and again: before Christ, Allah, and Buddha, there was Tengri.
Faith in Tengri was one of the oldest, if not the oldest religion in the experience of humans, emanating from the heart of Asia.
Tengriism was ecologically sensitive from the very start. One who defiled water was immediately and physically condemned because water in this parched portion of the earth was one of the Graces granted by Tengri. For example, both crops and the reign of a monarch were entirely dependent on water; the good behavior of the adherents and the presence of Grace were thus linked.
No wars were waged in Tengri’s name, nor did it seek converts like other belief systems. It did not even create a centralized clerical structure, or, indeed, a clerical class. In some localities, a few individuals offered their services to the adherents as “one way” messengers.
These seers underwent trances to explore the reasons why a certain event did or did not take place. However, they could not intercede or change the results. Finally, they were also skilled in oral verse composition, having mastered the arts of music and visual performance to deliver the results of their ritual vision-quests.
A particular attribute of Tengriist belief was the principle, “do not waste”. When combined with its emphasis on harmony with nature we can construe a built-in resiliency against any tendency toward cultural decay or opulence within Tengriism. Of course, there may be attenuating factors affecting the practice of this principle, but for the most part available evidence suggests its consistency in practice.
Arguably, Tengri constitutes the archetypal value system of human beings, apart from being, perhaps, the historical original or prototypical belief system itself. In this capacity, it can also serve as a benchmark for what was to follow."
Note: H.B. Paksoy (D. Phil., Oxford University) is a distinguished scholar of Turkic studies at Baker College, Michigan. This is his first post with neweurasia.net, in which he discusses the general principles of Tengriism, an ancient Central Asian religion.
THE ROYAL TITLE OF BEG
All full/recognized members are entitled, according to ancient and surviving Tengriist -Turkic Shamanism royal customs, tradition and practices, to use cultural and traditional titles of H.G. Royal Ashina Khazar-Beg (Chief) or H.G. Royal Ashina Gok Turk Beg (Chief) ;
"Bey is a Turkish title for chieftain, traditionally applied to the leaders of small tribal groups. In historical accounts, many Turkish, other Turkic and Persian leaders are titled Bey, Beg, Bek, Bay, Baig or Beigh.
They are all the same word with the simple meaning of "lord". The regions or provinces where beys ruled or which they administered were called beylik, roughly meaning "emirate" or "principality" in the first case, "province" or "governorate" in the second (the equivalent of duchy in Europe).
The first three rulers of the Ottoman realm were titled Bey. The chief sovereign of the Ottoman Empire only came to be called sultan starting in 1383 when Murad I was granted this title by the shadow caliph in Cairo.
Bey or a variation has also been used as an aristocratic title in various Turkic states, such as Bäk in the Tatar Khanate of Kazan, in charge of a Beylik called Bäklek. The Balkar princes in the North Caucasus highlands were known as taubiy (taubey), meaning the "mountainous chief".
Sometimes a Bey was a territorial vassal within a khanate, as in each of the three zuzes under the Khan of the Kazakhs.
The word entered English from Turkish bey, and the Turkish word has its origins in Old Turkic beg. There are different theories about the further etymology of the word beg. According to one theory the word may ultimately come from Middle Chinese baak, pak.
Another theory states that the word may have its origins in Sogdian baga. Gerhard Doerfer pointed out the possibility that the word is genuinely Turkic."
From Wikipedia about Beg title
*
The Khazar Empire (ca. 650–ca. 965/68), one of the largest states of medieval Eurasia, dominated a region from the Ukrainian steppes to lands approaching the Ural River and from the Middle Volga region to the North Caucasus and Crimea.
Khazaria’s ruling core of Turkic tribes stemmed from the Türk Qaghanate (qaghan “emperor”) centered in Mongolia and ruling a domain stretching from Manchuria to the Black Sea.
The Türk Empire divided into eastern (552–630, 682–742) and western (552–659, ca. 690–ca. 766) halves for administrative purposes. The Khazar Qaghanate, apparently led by a breakaway branch of the Türk ruling clan, the Ashina, seceded from the fragmenting Western Türk realm around 630–650.
From The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe
*
After fighting the Arabs to a standstill in the North Caucasus, Khazars became increasingly interested in replacing their Tengri shamanism with a state religion that would give them equal religious standing with their Abrahamic neighbors.
During the 8th century, Khazar royalty and much of the aristocracy converted to Judaism.
Originally, the Khazars practiced traditional Turkic shamanism, focused on the sky godTengri, but were heavily influenced by Confucian ideas imported from China, notably that of the Mandate of Heaven. The Ashina clan were considered to be the chosen of Tengri and the kaghan was the incarnation of the favor the sky-god bestowed on the Turks.
From Wikipedia about Khazars
EARTH JURISPRUDENCE (EJ) - SHAMANIC ASHINA CLAN OF KHAZARIA , THE NATURAL and ORIGINAL EARTH LEADERSHIP
Earth Jurisprudence (EJ) or Earth law recognises the Earth as the primary source of law which sets human law in a context which is wider than humanity. This is to say that human law is secondary to Earth law. Earth Jurisprudence acknowledges that the good of the whole takes precedence over the good of the parts. Thus the way we govern ourselves needs to embody an ethical code of practice which requires us to live according to Nature’s laws for the well-being of the whole Earth Community and future generations of all species.
Earth Jurisprudence is the term first used by cultural historian Thomas Berry to name this philosophy of governance and law which understands that the Earth, not human interests, are primary. It accepts that humans are born into an ordered and lawful Universe, to whose laws we need to comply if we are to be a benign presence on Earth.
The many interrelated crises, which we are living through now – from mass species extinction to climate change and social and economic inequity – are a result of a radical break in human principles of governance over the last few centuries, where law has been used to legitimise social and ecological destruction.
*
Ten principles of Jurisprudence
1. Rights originate where existence originates. That which determines existence determines rights.
2. Since it has no further context of existence in the phenomenal order, the universe is self-referent in its being and self-normative in its activities. It is also the primary referent in the being and the activities of all derivative modes of being.
3. The universe is composed of subjects to be communed with, not objects to be used. As a subject, each component of the universe is capable of having rights.
4. The natural world on the planet Earth gets its rights from the same source that humans get their rights: from the universe that brought them into being.
5. Every component of the Earth community has three rights: the right to be, the right to habitat, and the right to fulfill its role in the ever-renewing processes of the Earth community.
6. All rights are role-specific or species-specific, and limited. Rivers have river rights. Birds have bird rights. Insects have insect rights. Humans have human rights. Difference in rights is qualitative, not quantitative. The rights of an insect would be of no value to a tree or a fish.
7. Human rights do not cancel out the rights of other modes of being to exist in their natural state. Human property rights are not absolute. Property rights are simply a special relationship between a particular human "owner" and a particular piece of "property," so that both might fulfill their roles in the great community of existence.
8. Since species exist only in the form of individuals, rights refer to individuals, not simply in a general way to species.
9. These rights as presented here are based on the intrinsic relations that the various components of Earth have to each other. The planet Earth is a single community bound together with interdependent relationships. No living being nourishes itself. Each component of the Earth community is immediately or mediately dependent on every other member of the community for the nourishment and assistance it needs for its own survival. This mutual nourishment, which includes the predator-prey relationship, is integral with the role that each component of the Earth has within the comprehensive community of existence.
10. In a special manner, humans have not only a need for but also a right of access to the natural world to provide for the physical needs of humans and the wonder needed by human intelligence, the beauty needed by human imagination, and the intimacy needed by human emotions for personal fulfillment.
http://www.earthjurisprudence.org/
Shamanism/Tengriism as a Eternal Source of Spiritual Royal Power
"Futhermore, if Turkish society was nomadic and mercatile it was not held together by territory but rather by kinship relations and religio-shamanic cult elements. The political and social structure , generated by common residence in a winter quarter, by precarious tribal union led by charismatic Ashina clan. The tribes composed of clans, were organized into boduns, political power over the bodun was expressed with term el/il, a „polity“ mandated by heaven. At the top of the tribal union stood the Qaghan, the leader who established the toru, the tribal law.
Of the greatest importance was the biological association of the charismatic ruling clan with the tribal totem. The ruling clan's charisma was heavenly ordained and as such would override election. The belief in the celestial origin of authority linked up with an ideal of world domination that acquired a prominant and historical form among the sixth-century Turks but existed before as part of shamanic creed.
The related idea that domination was an exclusive right of Turks was later passed on to the Uyghurs and Mongols, and it seemed to received confirmation by Islam. Much of this cultural and political apparatus the Turks inherited from their predecessors in Mongolia rather than from China. In fact, Chinese cult may have Altaic origins, rather than reverse.
But the cult of heavenly ordained rule was not peculiar to Altaic world; even less were the principle of legitimation by descent and of charisma residing in blood royal which allowed individual members of the clan to be elevated to the Qaghanate.
What is peculiar about the Turkish ceremony of qaghanal investiture is that ,like blacksmithing, it has specific shamanic context.
The fist Chinese account of the origins of Turks (itself derived from Turkish materials) is already full of shamanic symbolism, relating to the totem ancestor and the wolf ethnogenic legend .
Ritual, State, and History in South Asia: Essays in Honour of J.C. Heesterman (Memoirs of the Kern Institute, No 5) , Publisher: Brill Academic Publishers, ISBN-13: 978-9004094673, pg.757.,758.
Dmitry Ermakov in his 828-pages study „BO & BON - ANCIENT SHAMANIC TRADITIONS OF SIBERIA AND TIBET IN THEIR RELATION TO THE TEACHINGS OF A CENTRAL ASIAN BUDDHA“( Publisher: Vajra Publications (2008), ISBN-13: 978-9937506113) ,confirms that siberian shamanic lineages reside within male or female lineages indefinitely (as two most often ways).
And indeed, even converted Khazar Jewish rulers (Quote from The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia; "Ultimately, about 786-809, their king Bulan and 4,000 of his nobles accepted Judaism, the prince Obadiah being active in securing their Judaization") adhered to the same eternal shamanic creed of the blood;
The account of al-Iṣṭakhrī, written c. 320/932, is as follows (Viae Regnorum,ed.by M.J. De Goeje / 1927./,223ff;
„As to their politics and system of government, their chief is called khāqān of the Khazars. He is greater than the king of the Khazars [elsewhere called by al-Iṣṭakhrī the bak or bāk, i.e., beg], except that the king of the Khazars appoints him. When they wish to appoint this khāqān, they bring him and throttle him with a piece of silk, till, when his breath is nearly cut off, they say to him, 'How long do you wish to reign?' and he says, 'So and-so many years.' If he dies short of them, well and good. If not, he is killed when he reaches that year. The khaqanate is valid among them only in a house of notables. He possesses no right of command nor of veto but he is honored, and people prostrate themselves when they enter his presence.…. The khaqanate is in a group of notables who possess neither sovereignty nor riches. When the chief place comes to one of them, they appoint him, and do not consider his condition. I have been informed by a reliable person that he had seen a young man selling bread in one of the sūqs. People said that when their khāqān died, there was none more deserving of the khaqanate than he, except that he was a Muslim, and the khaqanate is not conferred on any but a Jew."
This historical quotation prove the fact that shamanic/Tengrist right did not ceased to exist with the fact of Khazar conversion to Judaism, as it is universaly accepted as indefinite/everlasting, and as such do not know invented misconcepts like those that we can wittness in so called „law of prescription“ or „illegal birth“.
Together with traditional and sacred shamanic royal right which are in accordance with the EARTH JURISPRUDENCE (EJ) or Earth Law, which is the oldest and NATURAL royal law on Earth, this expert opinion should be considered;
"…the concept of sovereignty formally implies a power that is absolute, perpetual, indivisible, IMPRESCRIPTIBLE and inalienable."
(Andrew Vincent, Nationalism and Particularity, 2002, p. 17)
Dr. Paulo Bonavides in his book "Political Sciences" (Ciência Política), page 126 declared:
"Sovereignty is one and indivisible, it cannot be delegated, SOVEREIGNTY IS IRREVOCABLE, SOVEREIGNTY IS PERPETUAL, sovereignty is a supreme power, these are the main points of characterization that made Bodin's sovereignty in the seventeenth century an essential element of State."
Professor Dr W. Baroni Santos, Doctor D’état (post-doctorate/ habilitation) from the University of Reims in France in his book "Treaty of Heraldry and Nobility Law" Volume II page 52.:
"Neither the elapsed time, even for centuries, or non-use of the acts of sovereignty exercised by the Prince Pretender, Head of Name and Arms of his house, may be derogated, prescribed or canceled. He/She retains these rights until the end of times ' ad perpetuam rei tenendam ' which are inserted in the person of Prince Pretender. "
According with the former president of the Italian Supreme Court of Cassation Professor Doctor Renato de Francesco in 1959.
"... It's simply ridiculous, from a legal point of view, the distinction intended to be done about Dynasties that have reigned until recently of those who ruled in the distant past. It's not understandable how you can launch at the foot numerous pages of history, only to give luster to this or that family, who, aided by good luck, has managed to remain on the throne, after the year 1815. A Dynasty or reigned or not reigned. If reigned, even in very remote time, deserves the historical and legal treatment as a Dynasty and all its effects."
From Professor Doctor W. Baroni Santos, Doctor D’état in Nobility Law by The University of Reims in France, in his book "Treaty of Heraldry / Nobility Law Vol. I, Book II, chapter I "Jurisprudence of Nobility" page 197:
"A "Chief of Name and Arms", a title attributed to a Claimant, being by juris sanguinis (law of blood) "heir apparent" of a defunct throne, as long as has not formalized a voluntary act of resignation and acquiescence [formalized, not assumed or presumed] to the new political order of the state, according to the classic expression "subito la debellatio", retains, in all its fullness, the sovereign prerogatives of Fons Honorum (Fountain of Honors) and Jus Majestatis (right to majestic dignity). It is a fortiori, the source of nobility and honor, and may, without restrictions, create nobles and arm knights."
A Court sentence of the Republican Italy (Pretoria de Vico Del Gargano, Repubblica Italiana sentence number 217/49) corroborates the above mentioned:
"(…) it's IRRELEVANT if that Imperial family in no longer ruling FOR CENTURIES, because the deposition don't harm the sovereign prerogatives even if the sovereign renounces, spontaneously, to the throne. In substance, in this case, the Sovereign does not cease to be King, even living in exile or IN PRIVATE LIFE (WITHOUT CLAIMING HIS SOVEREIGNTY), because his prerogatives are, itself, by birth and CANNOT BE EXTINGUISHED, but remains and may be transmitted in time, from generation to generation."
So, a Dynasty never forfeits its rights. It does not' matter how long ago the Dynasty ruled and the duration of the reign. If there's no "subito la debellatio", in other words, total family's extermination or the agreement of the new regime by the head of the Dynasty (voluntarily and peacefully surrender of the sovereignty) at the time of the deposition, there's no extinction of the Dynasty and its sovereignty.
*
SUMERIAN-TURKO HUNNIC LINGUISTIC/SYMBOLIC CONNECTION
All Siberian Dragons speak with some variant of the Turkic languages, that includes cultures of the Americas, of the contemporary Turkish language there is broad analysis available; F.Hommel in the Sumerian texts found 200 words coinciding with Türkic words (Hommel F. , 1915.)
Olyas Suleymenov observed 60 Sumerian words similar to the Türkic words: ada "father", ama "mother", tu "to give birth", ere "man", "soldier", ugu "arrow", tag "fasten", zag "side", bilga "wise, ancestor", me "I", ze "you", ane "here, now", gud "bull", gash "bird", kir "dirt, soil", ush "three", u "ten", ken "wide", uzuk "long", tush "descend", ud "fire", udun "tree, firewood", dingir "god, sky", tengir "god, sky", etc. O.Suleymenov [Suleymenov О., 1975, 230-242] subjects each word to research, proves the Sumero-Türkic concurrences. A Russian scientist I.M.Diyakonov comparing the Sumerian words with the Indo-European, he does not find a single case of coincidence [Diyakonov I.M., 1954, 84].
O.N.Tuna suggests that the Türkic language 5,500 years b.p. already had a logically developed by its carriers phonetical set and grammatic system. Allowing another 5500 years before that for the development of this system, the age of the Türkic language appears to be 11 thousand years. As to time of the recording of the Türkic language in writing (Sumerian cuneiform writing), it was 8,000-8,500 years ago [Tuna O.N., 1990, 49].
A sample of Gokturk Inscriptions, commissioned by Gokturk Khans (Royal Ashina Dynasty), one of several in Mongolia, near river Orkhun, dated 732-735; (from Bilge Khan): "He (Sky God or "Gok Tanri") is the one who sat me on the throne so that the name of the Turkish Nation would live forever."
Tanri, Tengri or Tengeri means in Turkic language - Sky, God, Sky-God. Tengir or Dingir is in Sumerian language - Sky, God, Sky-God.
Old Altaic Turks believed that their Ashina Clan ruled by virtue of heavenly mandated charisma (Qut). As THIS CHARISMA (Qut) RESIDED IN THE ENTIRE ROYAL CLAN AD INFINITUM (as sort of shamanic gift), the latter exercised a collective sovereignty over their realms resulting in frequent succession struggles.
According to the beliefs of the Old Turkic people of Central Asia, Qut is a cosmic force linking the earth with the infinite sky.
The holy Altai mountain serves as its anchor.
The cult of heavenly ordained rule was not peculiar to the Altaic world; even less was the principle of legitimation by descent and of charisma permanently residing in royal blood, which allowed individual members (to be chosen among equal royals) of the clan to be elevated to the Qaghanate.
TURKS, KHAZARS, & CUMANS
Date: 6 Aug 2004 16:58:49 -0700
This genealogy of the Turkish Assena Dynasty is based primarily on two sources, which are (a) Formhals' chart "Royal Race of Deuman", and (b) a chart by Mommaerts posted on the net. The genealogies reconstructed by Formhals and Mommaerts differ. Here I have hopefully successfully harmonized their conflicting genealogical data. For example Mommaerts identifies Iski Khan [Irksi Khan] with Buman's son Kara Kola Khan, but this throws the chronology out of whack; thus, I follow Formhals identification of Iski Khan [Irksi Khan] with Buman's brother Istami, which works out chronologically. Though I follow Formhals rather than Mommaerts on that particular identification; on another identification I follow Mommaerts rather than Formhals, which is where Formhals makes Kushu Mukan Kagan to be a brother of Bumen, but this cannot be correct, and, therefore, here I follow Mommaerts in making Kushu Mukan
Kagan to be Buman's son. This is more sound chronologically. Too, Formhals only gives Bumen one son, whereas in nearly every source I have seen Bumen's offspring is referred to as "sons" [plural, i.e., more than one son]. The ancestry of the Ottomans from the Assena Dynasty is based on the identification of Torak Han in the traditional
Ottomon pedigree with Turug in Formhals' chart, which works out chronologically. However, if Torak Han and Turug were different persons then they would have to be contemporaries, nevertheless, when one considers that the traditional Ottomon pedigree includes names found in the Assena Dynasty genealogy [e.g. Baz Kagan], one may
assume that whoever drew-up the traditional Ottomon pedigree was influenced by the Assena Dynasty genealogy. Too, it is known that the Ottomans wanted to distant themselves from the Assena Dynasty and wanted a unique pedigree. This is evident where the traditional Ottomon pedigree diverges at a certain point from where it is proceeds to trace descent from Adam and Eve.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
TURKS, KHAZARS, & CUMANS
PART 1: TURKISH CHIEFS
00. Liu Tsugu (d398)
issue:
a. Ashinha
398-43301. Ashinha (Ashina), Duke of Liang 396/8; King of Liang 400/6
(d433), eponym of the Assena clan
issue:
a. Apangpu
b. Ichichni Shihtu, father of Asyana Shad, father of Ay Uzhru, 1st
King of Uighurs (487-508)
c. Notuliu
433-46102. Apangpu
issue:
a. Hsien I
b. Pusun
c. Kulapan
d. Liangu
e. Wangu Sun, father of Ahingu, Benatru, & Wangu
f. Duku, father of Duku Tasien
461-490 03. Hsien I
issue:
a. Hsien II
b. Mengen Kaghan
c. Lilipan (dau), wife of Khuganye XIV, Hunnish Emperor of Asia
490-49104. Pusun
491-49605. Kulapan
496-51106. Liangu
511-52107. Hsien II
521-52308. Mengen Kaghan
issue: Tuwu "Tayehu"
523-54609. Tuwu "Tayehu" [T'u-u Mengen Tsugu]
issue:
a. Bumin, reck'd "1st" king (below)
b. Istami
c. Dardo
---------------------------------------------------------------------
PART 2: TURKISH KINGS/KHANS
546-55301. Bumin (Tumen) Khan, reck'd "1st" King of Turks 552
= Changlo, dau of Xi-Wei Wen-Ti, Emperor of China (535-552)
issue:
a. Kholo (Kara Kola)
b. Kushu Mukan
c. Toubo (Tapo Khan)
XXX 55302. Kholo (Kelou) (Kara Kola) (Qara Khan) [Kok-Khan]
issue:
a. Yandu Muchu Kagan
b. Bagha Yshbar Khan
c. Cur Bagha
d. Kiuli Tegin, father of Assena Jabghu, father of Yasir Bulsa Kapan,
father of Chuja Jabgu (d644), father of Khuli Chuja, the ancestor of
Li-Chin Chung (d808), father of Khehi (d847), father of Shih-Hsin
[Li-Kwoh Chang] (d878), father of Kieh Yong, "Blon" of East Turks 878,
Prince of Ch'in [China] 894 (d908), father of Huang Tsung, 109th
Emperor of China 923-926
e. Angsu Tegin [Yang-Su Tu-Liu], father of (a) Nivar Kagan, (b)
Zhangar, & (c) Basyu Tegin
553-57203. Kushu Mukan (Mugan; Myhan) Khan [Djigin]
issue:
a. Apa Qapan
b. dau, 3rd wife of Khusru I (Khosroe), Shah of Persia (d579)
c. dau, wife of Kao-Tsu Wu-Ti Pei-Chou, Emperor of China (d578)
572-57304. Istami Khan [Silizibul; Sinjibul] [Irksi Khan] [Iski Khan]
issue:
a. Taspar Arslan Khan
b. Shetu Efu Yabgu [Shapolo I]
c. [K]Hulagu Khan
d. Anghis Yabghu (d590)
e. Tardu[sh] [II] Khan
f. dau, 1st wife of Khusru I (Khosroe), Shah of Persia (d579)
XXX 57305. Yandu Muchu Kagan
573-5766A. Toubo (Tapo Khan) (To-Pei)
issue:
a. Amrak Jotan Kagan
573-5766B. Dardo [Sukhaili] (Tardu)
issue:
a. Tarruk Khan
b. Togrul, father of (x) Qara Khoran Turk, father of (a) Nishu Kutlo,
(b) Khilash Kagan [Shaporo V], (c) Irbis Kagan, (d) Bagadur [II], (e)
Ilviro Shaporo Khagan
XXX 57607. Amrak Jotan Kagan [Amro Khan]
576-57808. Taspar Arslan
578-58109. Apa Qapan (Apoukia Kagan) [Dizabul]
issue:
a. Danao Tegin (d638)
b. Assena Tegin, father of Assena Tegin, father of Assena Tegin,
father of Ghora Jabgu [Shapolo VII]
--------------------------------------------------------------------
great-kings [khans] of Eastern Turks
581-58710A Bagha Yshbar Khan
issue:
a. Tunga (Tuhan) Tegin
587-58811A Cur Bagha
588-59012A Tunga [Tuhan] Tegin
issue:
a. Qimin Qagan
590-59713A Nivar Kagan [Neri Khan]
= [name], Khazarite princess, descended from Karadach, Khazar-King
(450), descended from Khozarig, 1st Khazar-King (date)
issue:
a. Pio-She Tegin, kld 589
b. Nikul Chula
c. Shifkwi [II] (Shih-Kuei)
d. Tong Yabghu Khan, aka Ziebel, Khazar-King
e. Moho Shad
---------------------------------------------------------------------
issue of Moho Shad (above):
a. Yshbar Tolis Shad
b. Shapolo V [Tongngo]
c. Nichu Kapan [Hilipi Khan]
d. Kian Shad, father of (a) Pihotu Khan & (b) Irbis Shegui Khan
e. Kieyue Khan [Puli Shad], Khazar King (640)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
issue of Kieyue Khan [Puli Shad] (above):
a. Ashena Holo [Shapolo VI]
b. Khalge Kaghan [Harbis II], Khazar-King (650)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
597-59914A Zhangar
issue:
a. Bagatur [I] Kiuliuq
599-60315A Nikul Chula
issue:
a. Nipo Taman Khan [Hsien III]
b. Kiue Tatu [Kwuope Kaghan]
XXX 60316A Basyu Tegin [Boshir Teguin]
603-60917A Qimin Qagan [Chi-Min] [Koran Kagan]
609-61518A Nipo Taman Khan [Hsien III], dep (d618)
615-61819A Shifkwi II [Shih-Kuei] Qagan
618-62720A Tong Yabghu Khan, aka Zeibel, King of Khazars, founds
another Khazarite dynasty
XXX 62721A Bagatur [I] Kiuliuq
issue:
a. Ilvi Shifkwi Khan
627-63222A Ilvi Khan [Tili Khan] [Ipipolo] [Shaporo IV]
a. Symo Khan
632-63923A Kiue Tatu [Kwoupe Khan], King of Third-Part Turks
632-63923C Yiwu Khan, King of Third-Part Turks
632-63923D Yshbar Tolis Shad, King of Third-Part Turks
XXX 63924A Shapolo V [Tongngo] Khan
issue:
a. Ikilishe [Mohotu]
639-64025A Nichu Kagan [Hilipi Khan], dep (d653)
XXX 64026A Ikilishe [Mohotu] Khan
640-64127A Pihotu Khan
641-64428A Symo Khan
XXX 64429A Shifkwi III (Shekwei) Khan
644-64730A Irbis Shegui Khan
647-65131A Ashena Holo [Shapolo VI] Khan
651-65332A Ilvi Shifkwi Khan
653-65733A Ghora Jabgu [Shaporo VII], dep
issue:
a. Mishe
--------------------------------------------------------------------
see 34C (below)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
anti-kings:
657-66434A Mishe, anti-king [in exile]
issue:
a. Yong Khan
664-67735A Tiyun Shehu
677-69336A Yong Khan, anti-king [in exile]
issue:
a. Suizi
693-69437A Suizi, anti-king [in exile], dep
---------------------------------------------------------------------
great-kings [khans] of Western Turks
581-58710B Shabolo [I] Khan [Shetu Efu Wabgu]
issue:
a. Rudan [Buli Khan]
XXX 58711B Rudan [Buli Khan]
587-58812B [K]Hulagu [Chulo Khan]
issue:
a. Tulan
b. Tateu
588-59813B Tulan [Dolan Khan] [Yong Yulu] [Tidin]
= Yang-Ling, dau of Sui-Wenti, Emperor of China
issue:
a. Shipi
b. Chulo
c. Xieli
598-59914B Tardu[sh] [II]
599-60315B Tateu [Datou Khan] [Bogiu Tardush Kagan], dep
issue:
a. Duli I [Tuli] Khan
XXX 60316B Nili Khan
603-60917B Duli I [Tuli] Khan
609-61918B Shipi [Shih-Pi] [Dugi Shibir Khan]
issue:
a. Duli II [Tuli]
b. Sirin (dau), wife of Khusru II [Khosroe], Shah of Persia (d627/8)
619-62019B Chulo [Tchu-Lo] [Hesan] Kagan, dep & ex
issue:
a. Oghuz Ghuzz [Ochir Tegin], father of (a) Wen Tchuen Assete, (b)
Nichofu, & (c) Baz Kagan
620-62920B Xieli (Khieli) [Hsieh-Li] [Kat Il-Khan Tugbir]
issue:
a. Tupi Khan
b. Bilghe [Szelipi] Khan
c. Hopo Khan
XXX 62921B Tupi Khan
629-63022B Schehu Khan
grandson of (10C) Tarruk Khan (below)
630-63123B Duli II [Toli] Khan
issue:
a. Dudu Ghologur Khan
631-63324B Telige Tegin [Irbis Bolun Yabgu Kagan]
grandson of 10C (below)
issue:
a. Kari Khan, father of (1) Mizif, 1st King of Turkish Khanate of
Tu'chueh [now China's Xinjiang province] 657-679, father of (2) Yuan
Chin Khan, King 679-697
b. Aldo Yabghu Khan (d645), father of (3) Buchin, King 697-?, father
of (4) Khusere Khan, King ?-703
c. Kayi, father of Ochir, father of (5) Wuchile [Utuhele] Khan, King
703-706, father of (6) Sokho, King 706-711, & (7) Mecho, King 711-716,
father of (8) Sughlu, King 716-738, father of (9) Tu-Ho Khan, King
738-739, & (10) Mo-Ho Khan, King 739-744, deposed by the Chinese.
XXX 63325B Nishu Kutlo
great-grandson of 6B (above)
son of Qara Khoran Turk, son of Togrul, bro of (10C) Tarruk Khan, the
sons of (6B) Dardo (Tardu)
633-63926B Dude Ghologur Khan, King of Third Turks, dep
633-63926W Khilash [Shaporo V], King of Western Turks
633-63926E Bagadur [II] [Khu-Moe-Khe], King of Eastern Turks
639-64127W Irbis Kagan [Huo Hsien], King of Western Turks
issue:
a. Torak Han [Turug]
639-64127E Ilviro Shaporo [VI] Kagan [Yasbar Jabghu], King of Eastern
Turks
issue:
a. Sirba (640/1), father of (34B) Buzhe
641-64428B Torak Han (Turuk), dep (d656)
issue:
a. Ay Kutluq
XXX 64429B Ay Kutlug Khan, dep (d685)
issue:
a. Qimin Tur
644-64630B Bilghe [Szelipi] Khan
issue:
a. Hollyg Yshbar
b. Jenchu Suibir
646-64831B Hollyg Yshbar
648-65332B Jenchu Suibir
653-66433B Hopo [Ho-Pei] (Chebi; Khepi) Khan
-----------------------------------------------------------
see 34C (below)
----------------------------------------------------------
descent-line to Osman, who gave name to the Turkish Ottomon Dynasty
01. Torak Han [Turug] (28B), King of Turks 641-4 dep (d656), id. with
same name in Ottoman pedigree
02. Ay Kutlug (29B), King of Turks 644 dep (d685)
03. Qimin Tor (35B), King of Turks 667-671 dep (d724)
04. Yasak (d768)
05. Tur Temur (790)
06. Kara Khan (820)
07. Sungur (d865)
08. Bulgay (d906)
09. Turac Ortuk (d947)
10. Bulshi Khan (d974)
11. Sakur (d991), whose bro Sharu was ancestor of the kings of the
European Cumans
12. Kara Batur (d1012)
13. Togrul Khan (d1058)
14. Ay Kutluq (d1097)
15. Beg Temur (d1165)
16. Kizil Bughe (d1183)
17. Qia Alp (d1212) [ancestor of another Turkish dynasty]
18. Suleyman Sah (d1236)
19. Ertugrul (d1281)
20. Osman (d1326), who gave the dynasty its name "Ottoman"
-------------------------------------------------------------------
anti-kings:
664-66734B Buzhe
issue:
a. Duzhi [II]
667-67135B Qimin Tur [Cemen Dur], dep (d724)
issue:
a. Yasak [Isaac] (d768), father of Tur Temur, father of (a) Gazi Neli
Khan, (b) Bilge Kul, & (c) Kara Khan
671-67936B Duzhi [II]
issue:
a. Hushelo
679-68237B Hushelo
issue:
a. Kibu Chur
682-XXX38B Kibu Chur
-------------------------------------------------------------
great-kings [khans] of Third Turks
581-59810C Tarruk Khan
son of Dardo [Tardu], bro of Istami & Bumin
issue:
a. Shabolo II
b. Saba (d598), father of (22B) Schehu Khan & (24B) Telige Khan
XXX 59811C Shabolo [II]
598-59912C Shifkwi [I]
--------------------------------------------------------------
Turkish Khanate re-united: Turkestan
657/664-679 34C Wen Tchuen Assete, King of Turkestan
son of Oghuz Ghuzz [Ochir Tegin], son of (19B) Chulo Hesan Kagan
(above)
issue:
a. Qutlugh Khan
b. Bakor Kapagan Khan
c. Zieghu
679-68135C Nichofu [Nishu Beg]
issue:
a. Funian
681-68236C Funian
XXX 68237C Baz Kagan
issue:
a. Toghu Che
XXX 68238C Toghu Che, dep (d715)
XXX 68239C Pisutu, queen
682-69140C Qutluq [Kutlugh Teris] [Ilteres Idat] Khan
issue:
a. Bilghe [Mogilian] Khan
b. Yollug Khan
c. Tengri Kul
691-71641C Bakor Kapagan Khan [Mercho]
issue:
a. Fugiyu Bogi [Inal Khan]
XXX 71642C Fugiyu Bogi [Inal Khan]
716-73143C Bilghe Khan [Mogilian]
= Khatun
issue:
a. Igen Khan
b. Duzhi [Tengri] Khan
c. Koto Khan
d. Teih Shih [Kiethi Khan]
e. Ozmis Khan
f. Talo (dau), wife of [unsure]
731-73544C Igen Khan
735-73945C Yollug Khan
739-74246C Tengri Kul [Kul Tegin] [Kull Khan]
XXX 74247C Duzhi Khan [Tengri II]
issue:
a. Yuchu (dau), wife of (53C) Ghora Kagan (below)
742-74348C Koto [Ku-Tu] [Siuan] Khan
issue:
a. dau, wife of [unsure]
XXX 74349C Tieh Shih [Kiethi Khan]
743-74450C Ozmis[h] Khan
= Priset, regent 744-745, dau of Hazer, King of Beks (d737), son of
Tarmach, King of Beks (725), son of Alp, King of Beks (700)
issue:
a. Pomei
744-74551C Pomei [Pei-Mei] (Baimei) Khan, dep
745-74852C Etimis [El-Itmish Qutlugh Bilge] Khan, in exile
745-74852D Basmil Khan, rebel king
son of Utibeg, son of Zieghu, bro of (39C) Qutluq Khan & (40C) Bakor
Kapagan Khan
issue:
a. Ghora Kagan
748-77053C Ghora Kagan, dep, in exile [last one]
[note: his 6th great-grandson was Seljuk]
= Yuchu, dau of (46C) Duzhi (above), or his bro (47C) Siuan [Koto
Khan]
issue:
a. Elterish, Prince of Basmils (770)
b. Kerekuci Hoci
-------------------------------------
descent-line to Seljuk, who gave name to the Turkish Seljuk Dynasty:
30. Ghora Kagan, (53C) King of Turks (above)
31. Kerekuci Hoci, bro of Elterish, Prince of Basmils (770)
32. Toksurmu Ilci
33. Lokman Ucoko
34. Bayindir [Ertugrul] Khan, King of Turks
35. Qiniq Qagan [Kiniq Khagan], bro of Kamgu Kagan & Kazan Yabgu
36. Shaghri Beg [Tschaghri "Bek"]
37. Duqaq [Tuquq] "Iron-Bow"
38. Seljuk [Sarjuq], founded new Turkish dynasty (985)
------------------------------------------------------
KHAZAR KINGS/KHANS
618-62701. Ziebel, founded new Khazar dynasty, id. with Turkish Khan
Tong Yabghu Khan
issue:
a. Harbis [I]
627-?02. Harbis [I] [Irbis]
= Epiphania, dau of Heraclius, Byzantine Emperor
issue:
a. Anastasia (dau)
= Khalge Kagan [Harbis II]
(640)03. Kieyue Khan
issue:
a. Khalge Kagan
b. Ashena Holo, father of Kaban Kagan, Khazar King
(650)04. Khalge Kagan [Harbis II]
= Anastasia, dau of Harbis [I], Khazar King (above)
issue:
a. Ibuzir Glavan
b. Theodora (dau)
= Justinian II, Byzantine Emperor
(670)05. Kaban Kagan
690-71506. Ibuzir Glavan
issue:
a. Barjik
715-73107. Barjik
issue:
a. Bulan Sabriel
b. Bihar [Bizar]
(740)08. Bulan Sabriel
issue:
a. Bagatur
(750)09. Bihar [Bizar]
issue:
a. Tzitzak [Chichak] [Irene], wife of Constantine V, Byzantine Emperor
(760)10. Bagatur
issue:
a. Obadiah
b. Hanukkah
c. Zebulun
786-80911. Obadiah
issue:
a. Hezekiah
809-?12. Hezekiah
issue:
a. Manasseh I
XXX13. Manasseh I
XXX14. Hanukkah
issue:
a. Yitzchak
XXX15. Yitzchak
issue:
a. Manasseh II
XXX16. Zebulun
issue:
a. son [name], father of Zachary, rival king
XXX17. Manasseh II
issue:
a. Nisi
(860)X. Zachary, rival king
XXX18. Nisi
issue:
a. Aaron I
(900)19. Aaron I
issue:
a. Menahem
b. Benjamin
(910)20. Menahem
(925)21. Benjamin
issue:
a. Aaron II
(940)22. Aaron II
issue:
a. Hakan Yusuf [Joseph]
945-96523. Hakan Yusuf [Joseph]
issue:
a. David
965-96924. David, dep by Russians, d in exile at Taman 986/8
issue:
a. George Tzula
(986/8)25. George Tzula, anti-king at Kerch, defeated in battle,
captured, and taken prisoner by Russians 1016 [last one]
---------------------------------------------------------
CUMAN KINGS/KHANS
01. Torak Han [Turug] (28B), King of Turks 641-4 dep (d656), id. with
same name in Ottoman pedigree
02. Ay Kutlug (29B), King of Turks 644 dep (d685)
03. Qimin Tor (35B), King of Turks 667-671 dep (d724)
04. Yasak (d768)
05. Tur Temur (790)
06. Kara Khan (820)
07. Sungur (d865)
08. Bulgay (d906)
09. Turac Ortuk (d947)
10. Bulshi Khan (d974)
11. Sharu, whose bro Sakur (d991), was an ancestor of the Turkish
Ottoman Sultans
12. Kurkulu
issue:
a. Skal Khan
b. Asep Khan (below)
13. Asep Khan (d1082), bro of Skal Khan (d1060)
14. Tugor (d1096)
15. Bonyak (d1111)
16. Otrok
17. Aepak (d1120)
issue:
a. Sotan (1140)
b. Begluk (1150)(below)
c. Kozel (1160)
18. Begluk
19. Kobyak (d1183)
20. Konchak
21. Kotyan [Kuthen] (d1223)
issue:
a. Bachma
b. Elizabet (dau), wife of King Stephen V of Hungary, ancestors of
EUROPEAN & BRITISH ROYALTY
22. Bachma (d1237), ancestor of Pulad Beg, King of Cumans (1389),
father of Tasha Timur, King of Cumans 1406-7 dep
---------------------------------------------------------
compiled by David Hughes
Date: 6 Aug 2004 16:58:49 -0700
This genealogy of the Turkish Assena Dynasty is based primarily on two sources, which are (a) Formhals' chart "Royal Race of Deuman", and (b) a chart by Mommaerts posted on the net. The genealogies reconstructed by Formhals and Mommaerts differ. Here I have hopefully successfully harmonized their conflicting genealogical data. For example Mommaerts identifies Iski Khan [Irksi Khan] with Buman's son Kara Kola Khan, but this throws the chronology out of whack; thus, I follow Formhals identification of Iski Khan [Irksi Khan] with Buman's brother Istami, which works out chronologically. Though I follow Formhals rather than Mommaerts on that particular identification; on another identification I follow Mommaerts rather than Formhals, which is where Formhals makes Kushu Mukan Kagan to be a brother of Bumen, but this cannot be correct, and, therefore, here I follow Mommaerts in making Kushu Mukan
Kagan to be Buman's son. This is more sound chronologically. Too, Formhals only gives Bumen one son, whereas in nearly every source I have seen Bumen's offspring is referred to as "sons" [plural, i.e., more than one son]. The ancestry of the Ottomans from the Assena Dynasty is based on the identification of Torak Han in the traditional
Ottomon pedigree with Turug in Formhals' chart, which works out chronologically. However, if Torak Han and Turug were different persons then they would have to be contemporaries, nevertheless, when one considers that the traditional Ottomon pedigree includes names found in the Assena Dynasty genealogy [e.g. Baz Kagan], one may
assume that whoever drew-up the traditional Ottomon pedigree was influenced by the Assena Dynasty genealogy. Too, it is known that the Ottomans wanted to distant themselves from the Assena Dynasty and wanted a unique pedigree. This is evident where the traditional Ottomon pedigree diverges at a certain point from where it is proceeds to trace descent from Adam and Eve.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
TURKS, KHAZARS, & CUMANS
PART 1: TURKISH CHIEFS
00. Liu Tsugu (d398)
issue:
a. Ashinha
398-43301. Ashinha (Ashina), Duke of Liang 396/8; King of Liang 400/6
(d433), eponym of the Assena clan
issue:
a. Apangpu
b. Ichichni Shihtu, father of Asyana Shad, father of Ay Uzhru, 1st
King of Uighurs (487-508)
c. Notuliu
433-46102. Apangpu
issue:
a. Hsien I
b. Pusun
c. Kulapan
d. Liangu
e. Wangu Sun, father of Ahingu, Benatru, & Wangu
f. Duku, father of Duku Tasien
461-490 03. Hsien I
issue:
a. Hsien II
b. Mengen Kaghan
c. Lilipan (dau), wife of Khuganye XIV, Hunnish Emperor of Asia
490-49104. Pusun
491-49605. Kulapan
496-51106. Liangu
511-52107. Hsien II
521-52308. Mengen Kaghan
issue: Tuwu "Tayehu"
523-54609. Tuwu "Tayehu" [T'u-u Mengen Tsugu]
issue:
a. Bumin, reck'd "1st" king (below)
b. Istami
c. Dardo
---------------------------------------------------------------------
PART 2: TURKISH KINGS/KHANS
546-55301. Bumin (Tumen) Khan, reck'd "1st" King of Turks 552
= Changlo, dau of Xi-Wei Wen-Ti, Emperor of China (535-552)
issue:
a. Kholo (Kara Kola)
b. Kushu Mukan
c. Toubo (Tapo Khan)
XXX 55302. Kholo (Kelou) (Kara Kola) (Qara Khan) [Kok-Khan]
issue:
a. Yandu Muchu Kagan
b. Bagha Yshbar Khan
c. Cur Bagha
d. Kiuli Tegin, father of Assena Jabghu, father of Yasir Bulsa Kapan,
father of Chuja Jabgu (d644), father of Khuli Chuja, the ancestor of
Li-Chin Chung (d808), father of Khehi (d847), father of Shih-Hsin
[Li-Kwoh Chang] (d878), father of Kieh Yong, "Blon" of East Turks 878,
Prince of Ch'in [China] 894 (d908), father of Huang Tsung, 109th
Emperor of China 923-926
e. Angsu Tegin [Yang-Su Tu-Liu], father of (a) Nivar Kagan, (b)
Zhangar, & (c) Basyu Tegin
553-57203. Kushu Mukan (Mugan; Myhan) Khan [Djigin]
issue:
a. Apa Qapan
b. dau, 3rd wife of Khusru I (Khosroe), Shah of Persia (d579)
c. dau, wife of Kao-Tsu Wu-Ti Pei-Chou, Emperor of China (d578)
572-57304. Istami Khan [Silizibul; Sinjibul] [Irksi Khan] [Iski Khan]
issue:
a. Taspar Arslan Khan
b. Shetu Efu Yabgu [Shapolo I]
c. [K]Hulagu Khan
d. Anghis Yabghu (d590)
e. Tardu[sh] [II] Khan
f. dau, 1st wife of Khusru I (Khosroe), Shah of Persia (d579)
XXX 57305. Yandu Muchu Kagan
573-5766A. Toubo (Tapo Khan) (To-Pei)
issue:
a. Amrak Jotan Kagan
573-5766B. Dardo [Sukhaili] (Tardu)
issue:
a. Tarruk Khan
b. Togrul, father of (x) Qara Khoran Turk, father of (a) Nishu Kutlo,
(b) Khilash Kagan [Shaporo V], (c) Irbis Kagan, (d) Bagadur [II], (e)
Ilviro Shaporo Khagan
XXX 57607. Amrak Jotan Kagan [Amro Khan]
576-57808. Taspar Arslan
578-58109. Apa Qapan (Apoukia Kagan) [Dizabul]
issue:
a. Danao Tegin (d638)
b. Assena Tegin, father of Assena Tegin, father of Assena Tegin,
father of Ghora Jabgu [Shapolo VII]
--------------------------------------------------------------------
great-kings [khans] of Eastern Turks
581-58710A Bagha Yshbar Khan
issue:
a. Tunga (Tuhan) Tegin
587-58811A Cur Bagha
588-59012A Tunga [Tuhan] Tegin
issue:
a. Qimin Qagan
590-59713A Nivar Kagan [Neri Khan]
= [name], Khazarite princess, descended from Karadach, Khazar-King
(450), descended from Khozarig, 1st Khazar-King (date)
issue:
a. Pio-She Tegin, kld 589
b. Nikul Chula
c. Shifkwi [II] (Shih-Kuei)
d. Tong Yabghu Khan, aka Ziebel, Khazar-King
e. Moho Shad
---------------------------------------------------------------------
issue of Moho Shad (above):
a. Yshbar Tolis Shad
b. Shapolo V [Tongngo]
c. Nichu Kapan [Hilipi Khan]
d. Kian Shad, father of (a) Pihotu Khan & (b) Irbis Shegui Khan
e. Kieyue Khan [Puli Shad], Khazar King (640)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
issue of Kieyue Khan [Puli Shad] (above):
a. Ashena Holo [Shapolo VI]
b. Khalge Kaghan [Harbis II], Khazar-King (650)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
597-59914A Zhangar
issue:
a. Bagatur [I] Kiuliuq
599-60315A Nikul Chula
issue:
a. Nipo Taman Khan [Hsien III]
b. Kiue Tatu [Kwuope Kaghan]
XXX 60316A Basyu Tegin [Boshir Teguin]
603-60917A Qimin Qagan [Chi-Min] [Koran Kagan]
609-61518A Nipo Taman Khan [Hsien III], dep (d618)
615-61819A Shifkwi II [Shih-Kuei] Qagan
618-62720A Tong Yabghu Khan, aka Zeibel, King of Khazars, founds
another Khazarite dynasty
XXX 62721A Bagatur [I] Kiuliuq
issue:
a. Ilvi Shifkwi Khan
627-63222A Ilvi Khan [Tili Khan] [Ipipolo] [Shaporo IV]
a. Symo Khan
632-63923A Kiue Tatu [Kwoupe Khan], King of Third-Part Turks
632-63923C Yiwu Khan, King of Third-Part Turks
632-63923D Yshbar Tolis Shad, King of Third-Part Turks
XXX 63924A Shapolo V [Tongngo] Khan
issue:
a. Ikilishe [Mohotu]
639-64025A Nichu Kagan [Hilipi Khan], dep (d653)
XXX 64026A Ikilishe [Mohotu] Khan
640-64127A Pihotu Khan
641-64428A Symo Khan
XXX 64429A Shifkwi III (Shekwei) Khan
644-64730A Irbis Shegui Khan
647-65131A Ashena Holo [Shapolo VI] Khan
651-65332A Ilvi Shifkwi Khan
653-65733A Ghora Jabgu [Shaporo VII], dep
issue:
a. Mishe
--------------------------------------------------------------------
see 34C (below)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
anti-kings:
657-66434A Mishe, anti-king [in exile]
issue:
a. Yong Khan
664-67735A Tiyun Shehu
677-69336A Yong Khan, anti-king [in exile]
issue:
a. Suizi
693-69437A Suizi, anti-king [in exile], dep
---------------------------------------------------------------------
great-kings [khans] of Western Turks
581-58710B Shabolo [I] Khan [Shetu Efu Wabgu]
issue:
a. Rudan [Buli Khan]
XXX 58711B Rudan [Buli Khan]
587-58812B [K]Hulagu [Chulo Khan]
issue:
a. Tulan
b. Tateu
588-59813B Tulan [Dolan Khan] [Yong Yulu] [Tidin]
= Yang-Ling, dau of Sui-Wenti, Emperor of China
issue:
a. Shipi
b. Chulo
c. Xieli
598-59914B Tardu[sh] [II]
599-60315B Tateu [Datou Khan] [Bogiu Tardush Kagan], dep
issue:
a. Duli I [Tuli] Khan
XXX 60316B Nili Khan
603-60917B Duli I [Tuli] Khan
609-61918B Shipi [Shih-Pi] [Dugi Shibir Khan]
issue:
a. Duli II [Tuli]
b. Sirin (dau), wife of Khusru II [Khosroe], Shah of Persia (d627/8)
619-62019B Chulo [Tchu-Lo] [Hesan] Kagan, dep & ex
issue:
a. Oghuz Ghuzz [Ochir Tegin], father of (a) Wen Tchuen Assete, (b)
Nichofu, & (c) Baz Kagan
620-62920B Xieli (Khieli) [Hsieh-Li] [Kat Il-Khan Tugbir]
issue:
a. Tupi Khan
b. Bilghe [Szelipi] Khan
c. Hopo Khan
XXX 62921B Tupi Khan
629-63022B Schehu Khan
grandson of (10C) Tarruk Khan (below)
630-63123B Duli II [Toli] Khan
issue:
a. Dudu Ghologur Khan
631-63324B Telige Tegin [Irbis Bolun Yabgu Kagan]
grandson of 10C (below)
issue:
a. Kari Khan, father of (1) Mizif, 1st King of Turkish Khanate of
Tu'chueh [now China's Xinjiang province] 657-679, father of (2) Yuan
Chin Khan, King 679-697
b. Aldo Yabghu Khan (d645), father of (3) Buchin, King 697-?, father
of (4) Khusere Khan, King ?-703
c. Kayi, father of Ochir, father of (5) Wuchile [Utuhele] Khan, King
703-706, father of (6) Sokho, King 706-711, & (7) Mecho, King 711-716,
father of (8) Sughlu, King 716-738, father of (9) Tu-Ho Khan, King
738-739, & (10) Mo-Ho Khan, King 739-744, deposed by the Chinese.
XXX 63325B Nishu Kutlo
great-grandson of 6B (above)
son of Qara Khoran Turk, son of Togrul, bro of (10C) Tarruk Khan, the
sons of (6B) Dardo (Tardu)
633-63926B Dude Ghologur Khan, King of Third Turks, dep
633-63926W Khilash [Shaporo V], King of Western Turks
633-63926E Bagadur [II] [Khu-Moe-Khe], King of Eastern Turks
639-64127W Irbis Kagan [Huo Hsien], King of Western Turks
issue:
a. Torak Han [Turug]
639-64127E Ilviro Shaporo [VI] Kagan [Yasbar Jabghu], King of Eastern
Turks
issue:
a. Sirba (640/1), father of (34B) Buzhe
641-64428B Torak Han (Turuk), dep (d656)
issue:
a. Ay Kutluq
XXX 64429B Ay Kutlug Khan, dep (d685)
issue:
a. Qimin Tur
644-64630B Bilghe [Szelipi] Khan
issue:
a. Hollyg Yshbar
b. Jenchu Suibir
646-64831B Hollyg Yshbar
648-65332B Jenchu Suibir
653-66433B Hopo [Ho-Pei] (Chebi; Khepi) Khan
-----------------------------------------------------------
see 34C (below)
----------------------------------------------------------
descent-line to Osman, who gave name to the Turkish Ottomon Dynasty
01. Torak Han [Turug] (28B), King of Turks 641-4 dep (d656), id. with
same name in Ottoman pedigree
02. Ay Kutlug (29B), King of Turks 644 dep (d685)
03. Qimin Tor (35B), King of Turks 667-671 dep (d724)
04. Yasak (d768)
05. Tur Temur (790)
06. Kara Khan (820)
07. Sungur (d865)
08. Bulgay (d906)
09. Turac Ortuk (d947)
10. Bulshi Khan (d974)
11. Sakur (d991), whose bro Sharu was ancestor of the kings of the
European Cumans
12. Kara Batur (d1012)
13. Togrul Khan (d1058)
14. Ay Kutluq (d1097)
15. Beg Temur (d1165)
16. Kizil Bughe (d1183)
17. Qia Alp (d1212) [ancestor of another Turkish dynasty]
18. Suleyman Sah (d1236)
19. Ertugrul (d1281)
20. Osman (d1326), who gave the dynasty its name "Ottoman"
-------------------------------------------------------------------
anti-kings:
664-66734B Buzhe
issue:
a. Duzhi [II]
667-67135B Qimin Tur [Cemen Dur], dep (d724)
issue:
a. Yasak [Isaac] (d768), father of Tur Temur, father of (a) Gazi Neli
Khan, (b) Bilge Kul, & (c) Kara Khan
671-67936B Duzhi [II]
issue:
a. Hushelo
679-68237B Hushelo
issue:
a. Kibu Chur
682-XXX38B Kibu Chur
-------------------------------------------------------------
great-kings [khans] of Third Turks
581-59810C Tarruk Khan
son of Dardo [Tardu], bro of Istami & Bumin
issue:
a. Shabolo II
b. Saba (d598), father of (22B) Schehu Khan & (24B) Telige Khan
XXX 59811C Shabolo [II]
598-59912C Shifkwi [I]
--------------------------------------------------------------
Turkish Khanate re-united: Turkestan
657/664-679 34C Wen Tchuen Assete, King of Turkestan
son of Oghuz Ghuzz [Ochir Tegin], son of (19B) Chulo Hesan Kagan
(above)
issue:
a. Qutlugh Khan
b. Bakor Kapagan Khan
c. Zieghu
679-68135C Nichofu [Nishu Beg]
issue:
a. Funian
681-68236C Funian
XXX 68237C Baz Kagan
issue:
a. Toghu Che
XXX 68238C Toghu Che, dep (d715)
XXX 68239C Pisutu, queen
682-69140C Qutluq [Kutlugh Teris] [Ilteres Idat] Khan
issue:
a. Bilghe [Mogilian] Khan
b. Yollug Khan
c. Tengri Kul
691-71641C Bakor Kapagan Khan [Mercho]
issue:
a. Fugiyu Bogi [Inal Khan]
XXX 71642C Fugiyu Bogi [Inal Khan]
716-73143C Bilghe Khan [Mogilian]
= Khatun
issue:
a. Igen Khan
b. Duzhi [Tengri] Khan
c. Koto Khan
d. Teih Shih [Kiethi Khan]
e. Ozmis Khan
f. Talo (dau), wife of [unsure]
731-73544C Igen Khan
735-73945C Yollug Khan
739-74246C Tengri Kul [Kul Tegin] [Kull Khan]
XXX 74247C Duzhi Khan [Tengri II]
issue:
a. Yuchu (dau), wife of (53C) Ghora Kagan (below)
742-74348C Koto [Ku-Tu] [Siuan] Khan
issue:
a. dau, wife of [unsure]
XXX 74349C Tieh Shih [Kiethi Khan]
743-74450C Ozmis[h] Khan
= Priset, regent 744-745, dau of Hazer, King of Beks (d737), son of
Tarmach, King of Beks (725), son of Alp, King of Beks (700)
issue:
a. Pomei
744-74551C Pomei [Pei-Mei] (Baimei) Khan, dep
745-74852C Etimis [El-Itmish Qutlugh Bilge] Khan, in exile
745-74852D Basmil Khan, rebel king
son of Utibeg, son of Zieghu, bro of (39C) Qutluq Khan & (40C) Bakor
Kapagan Khan
issue:
a. Ghora Kagan
748-77053C Ghora Kagan, dep, in exile [last one]
[note: his 6th great-grandson was Seljuk]
= Yuchu, dau of (46C) Duzhi (above), or his bro (47C) Siuan [Koto
Khan]
issue:
a. Elterish, Prince of Basmils (770)
b. Kerekuci Hoci
-------------------------------------
descent-line to Seljuk, who gave name to the Turkish Seljuk Dynasty:
30. Ghora Kagan, (53C) King of Turks (above)
31. Kerekuci Hoci, bro of Elterish, Prince of Basmils (770)
32. Toksurmu Ilci
33. Lokman Ucoko
34. Bayindir [Ertugrul] Khan, King of Turks
35. Qiniq Qagan [Kiniq Khagan], bro of Kamgu Kagan & Kazan Yabgu
36. Shaghri Beg [Tschaghri "Bek"]
37. Duqaq [Tuquq] "Iron-Bow"
38. Seljuk [Sarjuq], founded new Turkish dynasty (985)
------------------------------------------------------
KHAZAR KINGS/KHANS
618-62701. Ziebel, founded new Khazar dynasty, id. with Turkish Khan
Tong Yabghu Khan
issue:
a. Harbis [I]
627-?02. Harbis [I] [Irbis]
= Epiphania, dau of Heraclius, Byzantine Emperor
issue:
a. Anastasia (dau)
= Khalge Kagan [Harbis II]
(640)03. Kieyue Khan
issue:
a. Khalge Kagan
b. Ashena Holo, father of Kaban Kagan, Khazar King
(650)04. Khalge Kagan [Harbis II]
= Anastasia, dau of Harbis [I], Khazar King (above)
issue:
a. Ibuzir Glavan
b. Theodora (dau)
= Justinian II, Byzantine Emperor
(670)05. Kaban Kagan
690-71506. Ibuzir Glavan
issue:
a. Barjik
715-73107. Barjik
issue:
a. Bulan Sabriel
b. Bihar [Bizar]
(740)08. Bulan Sabriel
issue:
a. Bagatur
(750)09. Bihar [Bizar]
issue:
a. Tzitzak [Chichak] [Irene], wife of Constantine V, Byzantine Emperor
(760)10. Bagatur
issue:
a. Obadiah
b. Hanukkah
c. Zebulun
786-80911. Obadiah
issue:
a. Hezekiah
809-?12. Hezekiah
issue:
a. Manasseh I
XXX13. Manasseh I
XXX14. Hanukkah
issue:
a. Yitzchak
XXX15. Yitzchak
issue:
a. Manasseh II
XXX16. Zebulun
issue:
a. son [name], father of Zachary, rival king
XXX17. Manasseh II
issue:
a. Nisi
(860)X. Zachary, rival king
XXX18. Nisi
issue:
a. Aaron I
(900)19. Aaron I
issue:
a. Menahem
b. Benjamin
(910)20. Menahem
(925)21. Benjamin
issue:
a. Aaron II
(940)22. Aaron II
issue:
a. Hakan Yusuf [Joseph]
945-96523. Hakan Yusuf [Joseph]
issue:
a. David
965-96924. David, dep by Russians, d in exile at Taman 986/8
issue:
a. George Tzula
(986/8)25. George Tzula, anti-king at Kerch, defeated in battle,
captured, and taken prisoner by Russians 1016 [last one]
---------------------------------------------------------
CUMAN KINGS/KHANS
01. Torak Han [Turug] (28B), King of Turks 641-4 dep (d656), id. with
same name in Ottoman pedigree
02. Ay Kutlug (29B), King of Turks 644 dep (d685)
03. Qimin Tor (35B), King of Turks 667-671 dep (d724)
04. Yasak (d768)
05. Tur Temur (790)
06. Kara Khan (820)
07. Sungur (d865)
08. Bulgay (d906)
09. Turac Ortuk (d947)
10. Bulshi Khan (d974)
11. Sharu, whose bro Sakur (d991), was an ancestor of the Turkish
Ottoman Sultans
12. Kurkulu
issue:
a. Skal Khan
b. Asep Khan (below)
13. Asep Khan (d1082), bro of Skal Khan (d1060)
14. Tugor (d1096)
15. Bonyak (d1111)
16. Otrok
17. Aepak (d1120)
issue:
a. Sotan (1140)
b. Begluk (1150)(below)
c. Kozel (1160)
18. Begluk
19. Kobyak (d1183)
20. Konchak
21. Kotyan [Kuthen] (d1223)
issue:
a. Bachma
b. Elizabet (dau), wife of King Stephen V of Hungary, ancestors of
EUROPEAN & BRITISH ROYALTY
22. Bachma (d1237), ancestor of Pulad Beg, King of Cumans (1389),
father of Tasha Timur, King of Cumans 1406-7 dep
---------------------------------------------------------
compiled by David Hughes
